Prognosis microbiology diagnosis treatment prevention. He runs several social media pages like world of chest xrays, respiratory system, for mbbs interns, doctors cafe, united doctors for social service udss and motivational quotes for positive thinking on the leading social networking site facebook. Community acquired pneumonia free download as powerpoint presentation. In the assessment of severity in community acquired pneumonia cap, the modified british thoracic society mbts rule identifies patients with severe pneumonia but not patients who might be suitable for home management. Severe communityacquired pneumonia bja education oxford. There is considerable variability in rates of hospitalization, in part because there. View and download powerpoint presentations on ventilator associated pneumonia ppt.
The clinical presentation of cap varies, ranging from mild pneumonia characterized by fever and productive cough to severe pneumonia characterized by respiratory distress and sepsis. Community acquired pneumonia cap is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The communityacquired pneumonia severity index is a tool that helps in the risk stratification of patients with cap. Nov 28, 2009 community acquired pneumonia is a important cause of morbidity and mortality, continues to be a universal health problem early diagnosis and treatment reduces slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Watkins, md, ms, akron general medical center, akron, ohio tracy l. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Rao md pneumonia definition pneumonia is an abnormal inflammat ory condition of the lung. Pneumonia current medical diagnosis and treatment 2020. In the preantibiotic era it accounted for most cases of pneumonia.
Community acquired pneumonia is defined as pneumonia that is acquired outside the hospital. Community acquired pneumonia pneumonia microbiology. Empirical selection of antibiotic treatment is the cornerstone of management of patients with pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae continues as the most common infective pathogen. Of patients presenting to hospital with cap, up to 10% will require critical care admission. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on. Clinical presentations and outcome of severe community. Other communityacquired infections are caused by staphylococcus aureus and mycoplasma pneumoniae. Communityacquired pneumonia cap is defined as signs and symptoms of an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma in an individual who acquired the infection in the community, as distinguished from hospitalacquired nosocomial pneumonia 1,2.
Pneumoniae structural lung disease pseudomonas aeruginosa,burkholderia. Severe community acquired pneumonia cap is associated with a high mortality rate and significant morbidity. Rare clinical manifestation of communityacquired pneumonia. Canadian guidelines for the initial management of communityacquired pneumonia. History and physical examination were not instructive. Its clinical presentation contrasts to that of typical pneumonia. When you breathe in, oxygenrich air travels into the body through the airways trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles in your lungs. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. Community acquired pneumonia is a important cause of morbidity and mortality. Management of pediatric community acquired pneumonia should focus on judicious use of antimicrobial medications, bacterial diagnostics, and surgical drainage when complicated by large effusion and empyema. To assess the accuracy of specific maneuvers in diagnosing pneumonia and to compare the interobserver reliability of different clinicians examining the same patient, we. The patient was treated with chlorpromazine with no relief. Nina kim, md msc harborview medical center university of washington id fellows orientation july 5, 2011. Pneumonias powerpoints presentations and patient education.
The combination of pneumonia and influenza is the ninth leading cause of death overall and the most common cause of infectious death in the usa, causing an estimated 50 000 deaths in 2010. The most commonly identified pathogens are streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, atypical bacteria ie, chlamydia pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella species, and viruses. Xray presentations of pneumonia may be classified as lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, lobular pneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. Risk factors and prevention of hospitalacquired, ventilatorassociated, and healthcareassociated pneumonia in adults. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about pediatric pneumonia ppt. Pneumonia kills more children under the age of five than any other disease, claiming a young. A multicentre study was conducted to derive and validate a practical severity assessment model for stratifying adults hospitalised with cap into different.
Pneumonia has classically been considered in terms of the infecting organism table 98efigures 98, 99, 910, and 911. Pneumonia by magdalyne mandela pneumonia pneumonia is an inflammatory process, involving the terminal airways and alveoli of the lung. The psi divides patients into 5 classes for risk of death from all causes within 30 days of presentation. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. This case study exemplifies the potentially serious consequences of treatment failure following prescription of a macrolide for community acquired bacterial pneumonia. View notes pneumonia ppt from biomed 979 at moi university. Treatment in adherence to national guidelines produces favorable outcomes. Community acquired pneumonia authorstream presentation. This approach facilitates discussion of characteristic clinical presentations but is a limited guide to patient management since specific microbiologic information is rarely available at initial presentation. Pneumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Timing of initiation of therapy a cmstjc quality metric for cap is administration of the first antibiotic dose within 6 hours after presentation.
Lab tests were not specific, showing an inflammatory response. In children, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human. Introduction communityacquired pneumonia cap is a syndrome in which acute infection of the lungs develops in persons who have not been hospitalized recently and have not had regular exposure to the health care system. Cap community definition cap in the community has been defined as symptoms of an acute lower respiratory tract illness cough and at least one other lower respiratory tract symptom like tachypnoea, pleuritic chest pain, sob. After completing this article, readers should be able to. Fever and hiccups persisted, and therefore neck and chest ct was. Pneumonia ppt pneumonia by magdalyne mandela pneumonia. Communityacquired pneumonia cap is defined as an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma in a patient who has acquired the infection in the community, as distinguished from hospitalacquired nosocomial pneumonia hap. Communityacquired pneumonia severity index psi for. It is often characterized as including inflammation of the parenchyma of the lung that is, the alveoli and abn ormal alveolar filling with fluid consolidation and exudation community acquired pneumonia definition. Community acquired pneumonia cap is defined as signs and symptoms of an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma in an individual who acquired the infection in the community, as distinguished from hospital acquired nosocomial pneumonia 1,2. Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis and management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults richard r. Anatomists classification lobar pneumonia segmental subsegmental bronchopneumonia clinical pneumonia community acquired hospital acquired immunocompromised microbiologist classification bacterial nonbacterial viral,fungal,ricketssia.
Pneumonia due to streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be a challenge. Ppt communityacquired pneumonia powerpoint presentation. Update of practice guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults. Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli. Office of disease prevention and health promotion odphp, us department of health and human services.
Management of pediatric communityacquired pneumonia should focus on judicious use of antimicrobial medications, bacterial diagnostics, and surgical drainage when complicated by large effusion and empyema. This approach facilitates discussion of characteristic clinical presentations but is a limited guide to patient management since specific microbiologic information is rarely. Possible etiological agent according to susceptibility alcoholism klebsiella pneumoniae, oral anaerobes,s pneumoniae, m. Cap is a common and potentially serious illness with considerable morbidity. In upright position lower lobes are best ventilated therefore deposition of inhaled micro organisms is higher in these lobes. Communityacquired pneumonia cap is defined as an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma that is associated with at least some symptoms of acute infection, accompanied by the presence of an acute infiltrate on a chest radiograph consistent with pneumonia in a patient not hospitalized or residing in a longtermcare facility for. Communityacquired pneumonia pulmonary disorders merck. About 200 million cases of viral communityacquired pneumonia occur every year100 million in children and 100 million in adults.
The clinical presentation of cap varies, ranging from mild pneumonia characterized by fever and productive cough to severe pneumonia. Communityacquired pneumonia an overview sciencedirect topics. Cpg, in the evaluation and management of pediatric community acquired pneumonia. Pneumonia facts about pneumonia brandon lowery annually, pneumonia affects approximately 450 million people, seven percent of the worlds total, and results in about 4 million deaths. Typical presentation of legionella pneumophila communityacquired pneumonia. Community acquired pneumonia typical steptococcus pneumoniae haemophilus influenza. Atypical pneumonia, also known as walking pneumonia, is any type of pneumonia not caused by one of the pathogens most commonly associated with the disease.
Pdf communityacquired pneumonia cap is a leading cause of. Clinical presentations and outcome of severe communityacquired pneumonia mousa elshamlya, mohamed o. Because of the wide spectrum of associated clinical features, cap is a. Ppt pneumonia powerpoint presentation free to download. Symptoms and signs are fever, cough, sputum production, pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, tachypnea. Management of pediatric communityacquired bacterial pneumonia. Resistance to macrolides is rising in the usa and warrants careful consideration when confronted with a patient with suspected pneumonia in the urgent care clinic. Bacterial, community acquired pneumonia classically show lung consolidation of one lung segmental lobe, which is known as lobar pneumonia. Communityacquired pneumonia and sepsis researchgate. Communityacquired acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia. The infectious diseases society of america idsa, which has recently reexamined the etiology and presentations of cap, has proposed new guidelines that may lead to more efficient care for cap patients.
View and download powerpoint presentations on pediatric pneumonia ppt. Community acquired pneumonia is a important cause of morbidity and mortality, continues to be a universal health problem early diagnosis and treatment reduces slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In the pre antibiotic era s pneumoniae causing lobar pneumonia was traditionally seen to evolve through four sequential but distinct following stages. Lemonovich, md, university hospitals case medical center, cleveland, ohio c ommunity acquired pneumonia cap is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. Community acquired pneumonia causes great mortality and morbidity and high costs worldwide. When it develops independently from another disease, it is called primary atypical pneumonia pap. Most community acquired pneumonia cap are bacterial in origin and often follow brief viral upper respiratory tract infection. The canadian communityacquired pneumonia working group. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about ventilator associated pneumonia ppt. Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses or bacteria and less commonly by other microorganisms, certain medications.
Typical presentation of legionella pneumophila community. Overview of communityacquired pneumonia in adults uptodate. Clinical presentation, processes and outcomes of care for. Furthermore, the consequential treatment dilemmas currently. Community acquired pneumonia pneumonia antimicrobial. Pneumonia definition pneumonia is an acute infection of the parenchyma of the lung, caused. According to one estimate, almost 1 million episodes of cap occur in adults age 65 and older each year in the united states. To reduce the misuse of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, and sideeffects, an empirical, effective, and individualised antibiotic treatment is needed. Predictor variables are based upon the medical history, physical examination, and selected laboratory and radiographic findings readily available at the time of patient.
Communityacquired pneumonia an overview sciencedirect. Pneumonia ppt pneumonia by magdalyne mandela pneumonia pneumonia is an inflammatory process involving the terminal airways and alveoli of the lung. Community acquired pneumonia cap remains one of the leading causes of death in the united states. Communityacquired pneumonia cap is one of the most underappreciated medical illnesses in the usa. Fever and hiccups persisted, and therefore neck and chest ct was performed revealing a right. When you breathe in, oxygenrich air travels into the body through the airways skip to content access to paid content on this site is currently suspended due to excessive activity being detected from your ip address 40. When a diagnosis of communityacquired pneumonia is made at presentation to hospital, determine whether patients are at. Presentations to eds in alberta, canada, for pneumonia. Community acquired pneumonia is a common paediatric infection and, even with the introduction of pneumococcal and haemophilus vaccinations, most children will experience at least one episode. Communityacquired pneumonia significantly contributes to patient. Communityacquired pneumonia is a common paediatric infection and, even with the introduction of pneumococcal and haemophilus vaccinations, most children will experience at least one episode.
Molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our understanding of the role of viruses in pneumonia, and findings indicate that the incidence of viral pneumonia has been underestimated. Although pneumococcal pneumonia has been studied for decades, there are still many. Treatment of communityacquired pneumonia idsa guidelines. Pneumonia community acquired pneumonia dr fawzia alotaibi a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. This case study exemplifies the potentially serious consequences of treatment failure following prescription of a macrolide for communityacquired bacterial pneumonia. Communityacquired pneumonia causes great mortality and morbidity and high costs worldwide. A 71yearold patient was admitted due to fever and persistent 48 hours hiccups.
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